Everything about The Okwanuchu totally explained
The
Okwanuchu were one of a number of small
Shastan-speaking tribes of
Native Americans in
Northern California, who were closely related to the adjacent larger
Shasta tribe. The Okwanuchu occupied territory south, southwest, and southeast of
Mount Shasta, California,
USA, including the present-day cities of
Mount Shasta, California,
McCloud, California and
Dunsmuir, California, the upper
Sacramento River downstream to North Salt Creek, the Squaw Valley Creek drainage, and the upper
McCloud River downstream to where it meets Squaw Valley Creek.
The Okwanuchu were speakers of the older
Hokan-speaking family of languages, with archaeological sites associated with their range dating back in excess of 5000 years. Members of the
Penutian-speaking family of languages, especially the
Wintu, arrived in central Northern California in the vicinity of
Redding, California about 1200 years ago, likely from southern Oregon. The Wintu possessed superior technology, were out-competing their Hokan-language family neighbors, and were expanding Wintu territory at the expense of the Okwanuchu and the
Achomawi to the north, and the
Yana to the east. It appears likely that even if Europeans and Americans not intervened (beginning in the 1820s), the Wintu would have absorbed or otherwise eliminated the Okwanuchu over the course of the coming centuries.
Anthropologist
Alfred L. Kroeber suggested in 1918 that the Okwanuchu had become extinct. Although their language was closely related to that of the main Shasta tribe, it contained some elements of Wintu and Achomawi. Very little is known about the location of their villages and settlements, or about their culture, other than a presumed similarity to their Shasta and Achomawi neighbors.
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